Urine LOX-1 and Volatilome as Promising Tools towards the Early Detection of Renal Cancer

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) represents around 3% of all cancers, within which clear RCC (ccRCC) are the most common type (70–75%). The disease regularly progresses asymptomatically and upon presentation is recurrently metastatic, therefore, an early method detection necessary. identification one or more specific biomarkers measurable in biofluids (i.e., urine) by combined approaches could surely be appropriate for this kind cancer, especially due to easy obtainability noninvasive method. OLR1 a metabolic gene that encodes Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1), implicated inflammation, atherosclerosis, ROS, disorder-associated carcinogenesis. Specifically, LOX-1 clearly involved tumor insurgence progression different human cancers. This work reports first time presence protein ccRCC urine its peculiar distribution tumoral tissues. samples headspace has also been analyzed volatile compounds (VOCs) SPME-GC/MS gas sensor array. In particular, it was found GC/MS analysis 2-Cyclohexen-1-one,3-methyl-6-(1-methylethyl)- correlates with concentration urine. approach VOCs quantification lead promising results terms diagnostic prognostic potential tumors.